Welcome to Lee Mac Programming Custom Programming Services Want to harness the power of custom programming to save your company countless hours of repetitive work? If there is a specific task that you wish to automate using custom programming, feel free to to hire my services. Want to know what you're missing out on? Read the of those who have worked with me and my programs. Increase your AutoCAD Productivity Make AutoCAD work for you by using custom programming to automate many repetitive tasks. This site is primarily aimed towards utilising the AutoLISP & Visual LISP APIs to create custom programs which may be run within full versions of AutoCAD (not LT versions) and many of its derivative programs. A Sample of my Work.

In addition to my custom programming services, I offer a plethora of available for you to download, covering a huge range of applications: from text manipulation to attribute extraction and everything inbetween. The also offers an insight into how you can learn to create your own AutoLISP programs and quickly increase your AutoCAD efficiency and productivity. Whether you are a complete beginner or perhaps more experienced, I have no doubt that you can benefit from the help & resources available here. What is AutoLISP? AutoLISP is a dialect of the LISP programming language engineered to enable manipulation & customisation of AutoCAD and many of its derivative programs such as Civil 3D, MEP, Architecture, Electrical etc.

AutoLISP is restricted to running on full versions of AutoCAD and cannot be run in any version of AutoCAD LT. Other applications such as Bricscad and IntelliCAD also offer the ability to run AutoLISP programs. Visual LISP is an extension of AutoLISP introduced as an add-on to AutoCAD R14, and subsequently fully incorporated into the release of AutoCAD 2000.

Full Range of Shapes from AISC 14th Edition Shapes Database - All AutoCAD 2000 Format. Simply select, download & insert into your drawing - FREE!

Visual LISP provides access to the ActiveX/COM and offers many advanced functions to aid with customisation. New to AutoLISP? Not sure how to run a program? Be sure to see my tutorial on. 9 th October 2017 I have updated my application to Version 1.8. This revised version refines the calculation of the block definition bounding box to ignore block components residing on frozen layers and account for the possibility of null bounding boxes (as a result of all components being excluded from the calculation). This version also updates the ABB command to incorporate the ability for the user to specify a block name directly at the command-line when inserting a new block.

14 th September 2017 Following feedback from a couple of visitors to my site, I have now updated my set of to improve the consistency between the two sets of functions in the library, and to provide Vanilla AutoLISP support for multiline attributes. The Vanilla AutoLISP functions will now return nil when passed a non-attributed block, consistent with the Visual LISP variants.

I have also renamed the LM:getattributes function to LM:getattributevalues, as this function is the converse to the existing LM:setattributevalues function. For extra convenience, all functions in the library may now be downloaded as a single file using the download link at the top of the page. 3 rd September 2017 After receiving a couple of suggestions from an avid user of my program, I have now updated the program to Version 1.2. This new version offers the ability to offset the viewport outline by a predetermined number of paperspace units inside the viewport boundary, and also allows the user to automatically apply a set of predefined properties to the resulting modelspace polyline. I have also included a new animated demonstration of the program on the program page in order to convey the program's capabilities.

28 th August 2017 I have updated my set of to include several additional functions, and have also standardised the page format for consistency with the rest of the site. 6 th August 2017 New Program!

Allows a user to generate a field expression referencing the length/perimeter/circumference of one or more selected objects. In the case of selecting multiple objects, the field expression references the sum of the lengths of all objects in the selection. The resulting field can then be displayed as a new MText object, or housed within an existing table cell, single-line text, multiline text, multileader, or attribute. 22 nd July 2017 I have updated my set of, rewriting a number of the functions, and providing an improved test program. The program will now enable or disable the ordering controls depending on whether the ordering operation is valid for the selected items (e.g. If the top item is selected, the 'Top' button will be automatically disabled). The test program now also accounts for a deselection of all items in the list (disabling all ordering controls), a situation that would cause the previous version to crash.

13 th June 2017 Following valuable user feedback, I have enhanced my function to account for field expressions which are greater than 250 characters in length. Following this modification, I have consequently updated my,,, and programs, which all rely heavily on receiving the correct output from this function. 14 th May 2017 New Program! Allows the user to perform arithmetic operations on selected text or field expressions, with the result of the calculation represented using a field expression. The program is compatible with DText, MText, Attributes, MLeaders & Dimensions and will also reference nested field expressions held by these objects.

25 th April 2017 I have updated my program to Version 1.2. This update incorporates a couple of user-configurable program parameters which allow the user to easily adjust the tolerance used for dimension comparison, and the properties of the layer assigned to overlapping dimensions. 17 th April 2017 I have updated my application to Version 1.4. The new version fixes a bug which was causing the program to crash when modifying the background mask properties for dimensions with one or more dimension style overrides already applied. 12 th April 2017 Following user feedback, I have updated my application to Version 1.7. This update resolves a bug causing the program to produce an incorrect output when processing MText objects whose text content occupied multiple DXF group 3 entries.

8 th April 2017 Following additional user feedback received from avid users of my utility, I have implemented further improvements to the code and have updated this application to Version 1.8. The new version now accounts for the use of the 3DORBIT command when invoked transparently from within a command which has been configured to trigger a layer change. Previously, the act of invoking the 3DORBIT command transparently would cause the layer to be reset to the previously active layer, resulting in the new object incorrectly being created on this layer. 2 nd April 2017 Following valuable user feedback, I have updated my application to Version 1.7. The updated code now accounts for the simultaneous insertion of multiple xrefs when using the XATTACH or CLASSICXREF commands, as part of the xref-dependent layering option. 18 th March 2017 As an analog to my existing application, I have added a new program which enables the user to populate a selected attribute with a field expression referencing the length or perimeter (or sum of lengths or perimeters) of one or more selected objects.

15 th January 2017 Following valuable user feedback, I have updated my application which allows a user to apply a prefix or suffix to the layer names of all layers found in a selection. The updated code fixes a bug wherein the prefix and/or suffix was being applied & removed a number of times equal to the number of objects in the selection. The updated code also removes the restriction present in the previous version which prevented layers whose layer name started or ended with the same character as the prefix or suffix from being selected for processing. Finally, the new version provides more verbose output to indicate to the user exactly which layers have been renamed by the program.

4 th January 2017 I have updated my function page to include an alternative version of the function which avoids the limitation on the number of objects which may be processed as a result of the maximum number of arguments accepted by the AutoLISP min & max functions. I have also included a brand new test program, and a GIF animation to demonstrate how the function may be used. Finally, as this is the first site update of the new year, I shall take this opportunity to wish all visitors to my site a Happy New Year and all the best for a healthy & prosperous 2017! 29 th December 2016 New Program! Defines a set of commands which enable the user to populate a selected annotation object (Text, MText, Attribute) with a field expression referencing the name and position of the layout in which the object resides.

However - and most importantly - the field expressions generated by the program do not reference the CTAB system variable, and will therefore yield the correct result independent of whether or not the layout is current. 27 th November 2016 I have updated my function as part of my set of functions to allow users to remove paths containing forward-slash path delimiters and with trailing path delimiters. The code has also been condensed for efficiency & readability. 8 th November 2016 New Program! Allows the user to apply or remove a prefix and/or suffix to all layers found in a selection of objects. 7 th November 2016 I have updated my function as part of my set of to validate the applicability of the ActiveX intersectwith method on the two supplied vla-objects prior to invoking this method. The function will therefore gracefully return nil if either of the supplied objects do not support this method.

5 th November 2016 I have updated my program to Version 1.1. This update alters the program operation to allow the user to select a block to be deleted from the drawing, with the option of selecting a block by name (using the dialog displayed by the previous version of the program) available upon the user typing N at the selection prompt. The dialog interface has also been enhanced to include an edit box, allowing the user to filter the displayed list of block names.

I have updated my function to Version 1.1. This version fixes a bug arising when the user selects multiple items, applies a filter which excludes one or more of the selected items, and then accepts the resulting selection. 26 th October 2016 Following valuable feedback from a user, I have updated my application to Version 1.8. This revision fixes a bug causing the program to crash if parentheses or double-quotes were found in the text content.

18 th September 2016 My program has been revised to Version 1.9. This version fixes the implementation of the block filter parameter when processing attributed dynamic blocks (Version 1.8 would ignore the block filter when processing such blocks). 11 th August 2016 Following valuable feedback received from a of the CADTutor forums, I have now updated my program to Version 1.1. The updated code now accounts for polygonal viewports represented by 2D (Heavy) Polylines (this can arise when rotating a rectangular viewport, for example). 23 rd June 2016 New Program: allows the user to dynamically construct a straight-segmented polyline whose overall length may optionally be limited to a given value. The program uses my and functions to allow the polyline to be accurately constructed with the length displayed in real-time at the cursor. 20 th June 2016 Following user feedback for the previous version, I now have updated my utility to Version 1.4.

This new version ensures that the selection count for selected objects following grip-editing operations is retained, and corrects the reported selection count for non-rectangular viewports (which were previously counted as two objects). 6 th June 2016 I have updated my utility to Version 1.3 to account for the use of the standard QSELECT and SELECTSIMILAR AutoCAD commands and display the number of selected objects accordingly. 30 th May 2016 As promised below, I have now updated the page for my application to include detailed instructions describing how to create your own custom background mask programs which bypass the main program dialog to apply predefined background mask properties to all objects in a selection. 23 rd May 2016 I have again updated my application to Version 1.3 to include a dedicated selection function to facilitate the creation of custom background mask programs which bypass the main program dialog. I will also soon update the program description to include instructions on how to create such programs. 22 nd May 2016 I have updated my application to Version 1.2.

The new version has been entirely restructured and now provides dedicated functions to allow the user to bypass the main program dialog if desired. The program also now enables the user to manipulate the background mask for dimensions. 10 th May 2016 I have tweaked my recently updated application to account for the use of the legacy CLASSICXREF command. 9 th May 2016 Following an excellent suggestion received from an avid user of my programs, I have updated my utility to Version 1.5.

This new version incorporates the option to enable an 'xref-dependent' layer assignment, causing external references to be automatically inserted on a layer whose name matches that of the inserted xref, with an optional prefix & suffix, and fully-configurable layer properties. 24 th April 2016 My program has now been entirely rewritten and updated to Version 1.1. In rewriting the application, I have improved the error handling, program performance and code readability, paving the way for possible future enhancements. 10 th April 2016 I have updated my utility to invoke the AutoCAD UPDATEFIELD command when inserting a new field expression into the content of a selected attribute reference, as the use of such command or a drawing regeneration is required in order to display the value of new fields within attributes. 27 th March 2016 Upon receiving a report by a reader of my site that my was returning results which were inconsistent with other online MD5 hash generators for some input data, I ascertained that the results were indeed incorrect for input data longer than 56 bytes (i.e. 56 characters).

I determined that the cause of this issue was due to the arithmetic operations that are performed on the 4 32-bit hash values after processing each 512-bit chunk of input data not being wrapped to a 32-bit unsigned integer (as required by the algorithm), and also that such operations could potentially be introducing rounding errors as a consequence of the use of doubles to store the 4 32-bit items of hash data. To resolve this issue, I designed a bitwise addition function so that all operations could be performed on a list of 32-bits, with no loss of precision. I have therefore updated my to Version 1.1. 25 th March 2016 I have updated my utility to Version 1.2. This update implements an additional fail-safe to ensure that the MODEMACRO system variable is correctly reset when objects are deselected.

21 st March 2016 Since releasing the latest version of my application yesterday, I am pleased to have received a wealth of positive feedback, and also several bug reports from avid users of the program. I have now fixed the reported bugs and have updated the program to. I wish to extend a huge thank you to all of my readers who were kind enough to test the program to its limit and report back with their feedback, in turn improving the application for others.

I have also updated my program to incorporate the latest version of my function (which also addresses a number of bugs), and to also refine the command-line output to report the number of successful & unsuccessful drawings processed by the program. Finally, I have updated my function to Version 1.6 to fix a bug causing the 'Add Files' button to be incorrectly enabled when the user selected a directory. 20 th March 2016 Following valuable and encouraging user feedback, I have now updated my application to Version 1.5. The program has been mostly rewritten in order to incorporate compatibility for all types of Dimensions, and for Multileaders with Attributed Block content. 8 th March 2016 As an academic diversion from my typical programming, I have explored the fascinating fractal nature of the, along with its 3D analog: the Sierpinski Tetrahedron. This brief study forms part of my selection of. I have also updated my code to generate an example of in AutoCAD, as part of my study of.

This page also demonstrates an alternative method in which to generate the by recursively applying one of three randomly selected transformations to a given point. 5 th March 2016 I have updated my function as part of my to accept negative integer arguments and to also permit the arguments to be supplied in any order.

This function will return a pseudo-random number within the range given by the two integer arguments. 28 th February 2016 Following a suggestion from member 'Jef!' Of the CADTutor forum, I have updated my tutorial to include an additional method:.

This method demonstrates how to process a selection set by sequentially removing the entity at the (sslength - 1) th index until no entities remain in the set. I have also updated the page to include a table of contents to assist with navigation of the tutorial. 27 th February 2016 I have updated my program to Version 1.2. This new version offers an additional option within the aarcsettings command to allow the user to control whether the arrowheads are created at the start point, end point, or both the start & end point of the arc.

11 th February 2016 I have updated my page exploring the mathematical objects known as to include an animated visual of the. 23 rd January 2016 Following user feedback, I have updated my program to Version 1.1. This new version will offer the user the option to erase the set of objects in the original selection. 16 th January 2016 I have updated my program to Version 1.2. This new version no longer restricts the user to selecting a visible attribute to house the resulting Field Expression, but instead allows the user to select any attributed block and will prompt the user to choose the attribute tag to be populated with the Field Expression if the selected block contains more than one attribute. The updated program also enables the user to predetermine the attribute tag to be populated with the Field Expression using a parameter defined in the program source code. Finally, this new version also accounts for 64-bit versions of AutoCAD 2008 in which the ActiveX getobjectidstring method is not available.

I have updated my program to Version 1.4. The new version includes an additional prompt for an optional line spacing factor which offers a default option allowing the user to retain the existing spacing between the selected text objects. I have updated my program to Version 1.1. This update implements a new version of my LM:objectid function which has been modified to account for 64-bit versions of AutoCAD 2008 in which the ActiveX getobjectidstring method is not available. 10 th January 2016 I have updated my program to Version 1.4. The new version allows the user to cue an automatic layer change following the use of a custom AutoLISP command, and also adds the Layer Plot Style to the list of layer properties which may be configured by the program.

Following user feedback, I have updated my reactor-driven utility allowing a user to automatically to enable compatibility with Multileader objects, such that all MLeader text content is selected when double-clicking on an MLeader object. 1 st January 2016 For the first item of the new year, I shall share a new program. This program will allow the user to apply a tapered width across all segments of a selected 2D polyline, and is compatible with polylines containing linear and/or arc segments, constructed in any UCS. Finally, I shall take this opportunity to wish all visitors to my site a Happy New Year and all the best for a healthy & prosperous 2016!

31 st December 2015 I have updated my program to Version 1.1. In this new version, the core function which performs the overlap test has been completely rewritten in order to account for dimensions which overlap on both sides, and to also enable compatibility with dimensions created in any UCS or construction plane.

28 th December 2015 I have updated my function to Version 1.5; this minor update resolves a bug present in the filename sorting functions causing the function to error when processing file or folder names which contained a set of numbers interspersed with multiple points (e.g. 24 th December 2015 As an early Christmas present, I have added a new tutorial to the site - provides a step-by-step explanation of how to use an association list to construct a simple block counter program in AutoLISP, which will prompt the user for a selection of block references and will output the quantities of each block in the selection to the AutoCAD command-line.

Finally, I wish all of my readers a very Merry Christmas! 23 rd December 2015 I have added a new program to the site. This program will automatically detect overlapping linear dimensions in all layouts and all blocks in the active drawing, moving such dimensions to a separate layer to be reviewed by the draftsman. I have updated my set of functions to reduce the amount of code required for each function, improve the overall readability of the functions, and to ensure that the functions only modify the ACAD registry key if a modification is necessary. 21 st December 2015 I have rewritten my old program and have updated the program to Version 1.1. The new version allows the user to select which attribute tags are displayed in the table, and offers the ability to use field expressions to automatically update the table totals. Constant attributes with numerical content are also now included, and the table columns are sized appropriately for the content.

I have also added a new GIF demonstration to show the program in action. 6 th December 2015 I have updated my popular application to Version 3.9.

This relatively minor update improves the method used to determine the appropriate width for an MText object in order to account for multiple lines of text; removes the case-sensitivity of attribute tag comparison to account for applications which do not enforce uppercase attribute tags; and fixes a bug causing an oblique angle to be applied to single-line text if the current text style has an oblique angle set, but the text style selected for use does not. 2 nd December 2015 I have updated my utility to Version 1.3 - this release introduces several new features.

• A new Force Layer Properties parameter determines whether the program will automatically modify the properties of existing layers in a drawing to match the properties defined in the program. • A new System Variables parameter incorporates the ability to configure any number of system variables when a command is invoked, with the system variables reset to their original values upon completing or cancelling the active command. • The Layer Description has also been added to the list of layer properties which may be configured by the program. 1 st November 2015 I have added a new program to the site: will allow the user to calculate the total object length between two points along a chain of connected objects. Be sure to also check out my related program, which allows the user to automatically select all connected objects following selection of a single object in the chain. 31 st October 2015 Following feedback received from a user of my programs, I have now updated my & programs to enable compatibility with non-uniformly scaled blocks.

There remain some restrictions when attempting to burst nested blocks which are nested within non-uniformly scaled parent blocks, however these restrictions are inherent in the way that AutoCAD handles such objects. 11 th October 2015 As an extension & generalisation of my old tutorial, I have developed & published a new developer function to enable automatic. This function automatically configures & manages a set of DCL list tiles (i.e. List_box & popup_list tiles) enabling dependency between the tiles - that is, the items displayed in a list tile will be dependent on the item selected in other list tiles. 10 th October 2015 I have updated my utility to account for selection of existing annotation objects (Text, MText, Attributes etc.) which already contain one or more field expressions.

6 th October 2015 I have added a new program to the site. This program allows the user to rotate the AutoCAD crosshairs ( SNAPANG system variable) to align with an object at a selected point, a fixed angle, or percentage representing a slope grade. 27 th September 2015 I have further developed my program and have updated the program to Version 1.2. The new version enables full compatibility with multileaders containing attributed block content, and the user may configure the program to renumber attributed blocks, attributed mleaders, or both. The new version also rectifies a number of bugs present in the previous version, and restructures the program code to improve readability. There is also a new GIF animation for your viewing pleasure.

20 th September 2015 I have updated my program to Version 1.1. The program has been completely rewritten to improve performance & stability, and the new version offers several new improvements, including the ability to match multiple block names & attribute tags using wildcard patterns, use a numbering prefix & suffix, specify a starting number, use fixed length numbering with leading zeros, and compatibility for multiline attributes. 19 th September 2015 I have updated the page for my function to offer developers two types of function: the function will group a supplied list into sublists of a maximum length; whereas the function will group a list into sublists of a fixed length. 17 th September 2015 I have tweaked the code for my function to allow the calling expression to supply the function with a wildcard pattern as the block name argument in order to match multiple block names. 12 th September 2015 I have added a new program to the site. This simple program enables the user to create objects with the appearance of multilines, however which are composed of standard polylines.

30 th August 2015 I have added a to the site which causes the text content of an MText object to be automatically selected on a double-click. The idea was spawned from a question received from a visitor to my site who was looking for a consistent result when double-clicking on MText and single-line text (DText).

1 st August 2015 I have added a new program to the section of the site. Similar to my existing program, this new program allows the user to change the base point location for multiple blocks to one of nine standard justifications. 13 th June 2015 I have updated my application to Version 3.8.

The new version enhances the 'Replacement Mode' option, which now allows the user to replace the text content of primary or nested text, mtext, dimensions, or multileaders containing mtext or attributed block content. 7 th June 2015 Following user feedback, I have tweaked my program to enable full compatibility with the ZWCAD application in which the ActiveX regeneratetablesuppressed property is not implemented. 3 rd May 2015 I have added a new program to the section of the site: allows the user to extend both ends of all lines, arcs, 2D & 3D polylines in a selection by a specified amount. As demonstrated, the program will perform successfully with both 2D and 3D objects, constructed in any UCS plane. 25 th April 2015 I have updated my very old set of, rewriting & consolidating the code for all three custom commands into a single program file. These simple programs allow the user to join sets of lines, arcs & polylines to form continuous polylines, close sets of open polylines, and modify the width of all segments for all polylines in a selection.

13 th April 2015 I have revised my application to Version 1.8 to incorporate a number of enhancements. • New or existing Text and MText may now be aligned to Lines, Polylines, Arcs, Circles, Ellipses, Elliptical Arcs & Splines nested (to any depth) within blocks or xrefs. • The program now offers a new 'Settings' menu wherein the user can control the object type for new text created by the program, the justification of new text, the default offset factor & rotation, and many more settings. • A new 'Multiple Text Mode' allows the user to continuously place multiple text objects aligned to the same curve. • Text readability & rotation may now be altered during text alignment.

• Several other program enhancements have also been implemented, but are too numerous to list here. 14 th November 2013 New program added to the site. This program enables the user to clear the area of a hatch pattern obscuring selected Text and MText objects, or Text, MText and Attributes contained within selected primary & nested block references. 12 th November 2013 I have added a new program to the site.

This program automatically generates MText objects positioned over the midpoint of every object in a selection, with each item of MText containing a field expression referencing the length of the object. New program added to the site. This utility enables the user to determine the field formatting code associated with the field expression held by a selected object, and may be used in conjunction with my,, and programs in order to determine the correct field formatting code to use with each of the programs. I have updated the descriptions for my, and programs to update the set of instructions indicating how to determine the correct field formatting code to use with each program. 6 th November 2013 I am delighted to publish a very appreciative and complimentary received from the tremendous folk at - thank you! 29 th October 2013 New program added to the site.

This program enables the user to offset a section of a polyline enclosed by two selected points on the polyline. I have updated my set of to improve the concision of the code for many of the functions. 25 th October 2013 Added to the section of the site. This function is an AutoLISP implementation of the MD5 message-digest algorithm developed in 1992 by Ronald Rivest. 24 th October 2013 My has been updated to add the bad argument type: streamp error message, and to also include possible AutoLISP functions pertaining to the cause of each error. 23 rd October 2013 I have recently updated my function to overhaul the old function code, include additional error trapping, and furthermore update the code formatting to meet my current standard. 18 th October 2013 I am pleased to list as a friend of.

Andrea Andreetti, the proprietor of DuctiSoft, is a very creative programmer whom I have had the pleasure of collaborating with in the past to create a novelty program (requires membership to view). 10 th October 2013 My program has now been published to the! The published version has a professional application installer and comes complete with a custom ribbon panel from which to launch the application. Feel free to the app!

9 th October 2013 I have now updated my program to Version 1.2. This version fixes a UCS bug arising when the UCS origin is not equal to the WCS origin. 2 nd October 2013 I am pleased to list Paul Stafford's blog: as an affiliate site of.

Paul's blog is relatively new, but already contains many useful tips & tricks to help you get the most out of AutoCAD. 1 st October 2013 Following a bug reported by a user, I have updated my program to Version 1.6.

The updated version fixes a bug causing the program to return an error if an object intersected the bounding box of the block at only one point. 12 th September 2013 I have recently updated my set of to fix a few minor bugs, improve the concision of the code, and update the formatting to be consistent with my other function sets. 11 th September 2013 My & programs have now been published and are available to download from the! These published versions come complete with professional application installers and custom ribbon panels from which to launch the applications.

You are invited to & the apps! 9 th September 2013 I have updated my program to Version 1.1. The updated version incorporates additional error trapping to prohibit selection of blocks nested within dynamic blocks or xrefs (with which the program is incompatible), and nested blocks residing on locked layers. The program will also now ignore non-uniformly-scaled block references (for which the previous version returned an error). 6 th September 2013 My program has now been published and is available to download from the.

The published version includes an application installer and a custom ribbon panel from which to launch the application. Feel free to the app! I am pleased to announce that is now an affiliate of. Gilles Chanteau, the proprietor of gileCAD, is an incredibly talented programmer who I have had the pleasure of knowing for several years, and from whom I have learnt a great deal. 3 rd September 2013 My program is now also available to download from the! The version published at the Exchange App Store comes complete with an installer and also features a custom ribbon panel from which to launch the program. Feel free to the app and let me know what you think!

1 st September 2013 A new novelty program gift to my readers for the first post of September: was inspired by a recent 'challenge thread' posted at CAD forum, and will generate a pseudo-random password string based on the parameters specified. 31 st August 2013 I have updated my program to Version 1.2. The new version implements a fix for a bug causing the program to crash when a nested attributed block or nested 2D/3D Polyline is selected. 29 th August 2013 My program has now been rewritten and updated to Version 1.1. The new version has cleaner & more concise code, with additional error trapping to account for xrefs and objects on locked layers. I have also included an animated demonstration to exhibit the program capabilities. 26 th August 2013 Following valuable feedback received from several users, my program has now been updated to Version 1.1.

The new version allows the user to select multiple nested objects (with the same parent) to be moved, with selection highlighting to provide visual feedback for the selected objects. The new version will also move only the 'outermost' nested object when the user has selected an object nested several levels deep - this also resolves an issue in which the user could move nested dimension components.

The accompanying animated demonstration has also been updated to reflect the new functionality. 25 th August 2013 function rewritten and updated to Version 1.2. This updated version alters the third argument for the function to a bit-coded integer controlling whether the list box permits selection of multiple items, and also whether the function will either return a list of selected items or a list of zero-based indexes corresponding to the position of each item within the supplied data set - a necessary enhancement when working with data containing duplicate items. I have uploaded a sample zip folder containing an example CSV file & accompanying sample drawing containing an attributed block for use with my program.

21 st August 2013 Added new (Add Support File Search Paths at n) function to my set of. This function will add a list of paths at a position in the list of AutoCAD Support File Search Paths given by a supplied zero-based index parameter. 20 th August 2013 My old program has recently been rewritten & updated to Version 1.2.

The new version has cleaner code and performs successfully on a wider range of CAD platforms following a recently received bug report submitted by an avid user. 19 th August 2013 I have recently updated my entire set of. The code for each function is now clearer & more concise, and the functions have a reduced footprint, carrying smaller code headers. A new function has also been added to allow a developer to effortlessly toggle the Flip State Parameter held by a Dynamic Block reference. 14 th August 2013 I am pleased to list as an affiliate of. Paul is a talented & certified professional draughtsman and, in addition to advertising his services, his site offers free resources in the form of LISP tips & an expanding block library.

10 th August 2013 Inspired by a request posted at the, I have added a new program to the site. This program enables the user to move a selected object nested within a block, dynamic block or xref (nested to any depth), without opening the xref source drawing. 7 th August 2013 I am pleased to list Matthew Nichols' blog as an affiliate of. Matthew's blog is packed with useful information and includes several macros & DIESEL examples for LT users who unfortunately cannot take advantage of AutoLISP. 2 nd August 2013 New added to the section of the site.

This reference includes information gathered over the years from various sources, including information on undocumented ssget functionality and several examples to demonstrate function usage. 27 th July 2013 I have extensively updated my tutorial on to include better explanations for actions performed in the tutorial, and clearer & cleaner graphics & animation. 25 th July 2013 Following a bug reported by a user, I have updated my function to Version 1.3; this update fixes a bug wherein the function would crash if the user double-clicked in empty space in the left-hand list box pane.

23 th July 2013 I have now rewritten my function to improve the concision & readability of the code. This function will recursively create each level of a supplied directory folder structure. 14 th July 2013 Following the recent addition of my program, I have now also added a new program to the site. This program enables the user to copy a field expression from a selected source object to multiple destination objects in a drawing. My program has now been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.1; the new version incorporates substantially improved error trapping and improves code readability in general.

An animated demonstration of the program in action has also been included on the. 12 th July 2013 I have added a brand new program to the site. This program enables the user to copy the formatting from a selected source field expression to multiple destination fields in a drawing. Following the above addition, I have also included my function in the section of the site. This function is heavily utilised by my recently added program, and will return the field expression associated with a Text, MText, Attribute, MLeader, or Dimension object. 8 th July 2013 My program has now been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.1.

The program enables a user to copy a selection of objects to all or selected layout tabs in a drawing; this updated version is more robust with cleaner code for improved readability. 5 th July 2013 I have now updated my program to Version 1.5; this new version enables the user to copy or rename anonymous block references in a drawing. 16 th June 2013 My program has now been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.4. The code for the updated program has improved clarity, concision and readability, with additional error trapping to allow for block references residing on locked layers. Following the recent update of my program as noted above, my function has also been rewritten and similarly improved.

I have rewritten my old program and have renamed the program to a more apt:. This program is the precursor of my far more generalised and extensively developed program and allows a user to import a block from a selected drawing file into the active drawing, without opening the external file. 15 th June 2013 My novelty application has now been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.1.

In addition to incorporating cleaner and far more efficient & readable code, the new version also includes a new runclock command, enabling the user to run the clock continuously. I have also rewritten the description found on the and have added a new animation to demonstrate the program in action. I have updated my & functions as part of my set of, following a reported bug. 7 th June 2013 I have updated my set of; these functions are ideal for converting and manipulating alphabetical 'column references' (e.g. A, B., Z, AA.) as used by applications such as Excel.

I have also provided alternative versions for many of the functions in order to demonstrate different ways to obtain the same result. A table of contents has been included on the page for ease of navigation. 6 th June 2013 I have updated my set of to provide functions for conversion between all 5 colour enumerations listed on the page; a table of contents has also been included for ease of navigation. 2 nd June 2013 New program added to the section of the site.

This program is a generalisation and enhancement of my existing (and recently updated) program, enabling the user to break a selected object either at two specified points, or at two points of intersection with another selected object, and apply a set of properties to the selected portion of the object. 30 th May 2013 My program has now been entirely rewritten and updated to Version 1.3. The much improved new version enables the user to use the program with ellipses in addition to circles, and apply a whole set of properties to the 'hidden' arc or elliptical arc, as opposed to simply assigning a layer as performed by the previous version. The accompanying has also been rewritten and a new animated demonstration has been included. 28 th May 2013 My program has been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.4; I have furthermore renamed the program to a more appropriate:.

Please note that the commands for this program have also been renamed accordingly. I have also rewritten the accompanying, providing an explanation for each available command, and including a new animated demonstration. 26 th May 2013 I have completely rewritten my set of functions which enable a user to and have also updated the accompanying function description found on that page. My & programs have also been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.1 & Version 1.2 respectively, to improve the readability of the code and to enable the user to easily configure the area format of the Field generated by the programs. The accompanying program descriptions have also been heavily updated to provide instructons detailing how to determine the correct Field formatting code when configuring the area format. I have updated my program to Version 1.1; the new version incorporates an aarcsettings command to enable the user to control the length & width of the arrow heads without modifying the program source code.

I have updated and reformatted my set of and; the functions are now clearer and carry smaller code headers. My very old program has been completely rewritten to vastly improve the readability of the code and to fix a few general bugs. 22 nd May 2013 Following a bug report, I have updated my function to Version 1.3 to correctly process some uncommon cell values containing a certain combination of comma & quote characters.

I have also updated my complementary function and have condensed the code for both functions, resulting in improved readability & performance. I have furthermore revised my program to Version 1.6 in order to incorporate the above changes to my file parsing function and to remove the need to include the file extension when listing drawings in the CSV file read by the program. 17 th May 2013 I have now updated my old program to Version 1.2 and have renamed the program:. As the new name suggests, I have now lifted the single drawing restriction, with the updated version allowing the user to copy a selection of objects to an entire set of drawings, without opening each drawing in the AutoCAD Editor.

4 th May 2013 I have now included a new tutorial on the topic of to the section of the site. This tutorial demonstrates a variety of different methods of how to iterate over all objects in a selection set, together with a brief explanation of how each method works and the efficiency of its operation.

1 st May 2013 Updated my recently released program to Version 1.2 to fix a bug causing MText & LWPolyline objects residing in Paperspace Layouts to be transferred to Modelspace. 30 th April 2013 Updated program to Version 1.1 to fix a bug causing the program to crash during loading if other reactors with reactor data with non-string data type are already running in the active drawing session. Added program to the site. This reactor-based program enables the user to create an associative textbox surrounding a Text or MText object, with the size, position, orientation & rotation of the textbox frame automatically updated following modification to the associated Text or MText object. Added function to the section of the site. Similar to my existing function, this function also presents the user with a dialog interface containing a list box tile from which the user may select one or more items, however, the displayed dialog for this function also includes an edit box tile, enabling the user to filter the list of items displayed.

23 rd April 2013 I have updated my program to Version 1.3; this version allows the user to reposition a selection of single-line text objects with any rotation, aligned in a direction perpendicular to the text rotation. The updated program will furthermore perform successfully with text constructed in any UCS plane. 18 th April 2013 I have updated my to simplify the code and improve the readability & consistency of the programs. My function has been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.2. The updated version implements a bug fix to account for Library folders encountered with Windows 7, and also incorporates a new and improved file sorting function. Function completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.2 to include more error trapping and to condense the code, improving both readability & performance.

Function also updated and renamed to BrowseForFolder for consistency with the method used by the function. 28 th March 2013 I have updated my function to Version 1.1. The function has been completely rewritten with the previous 'Extended ASCII' version now included in the main function for consistency.

The redundant colour argument has also now been removed to improve compatibility when the function is used with DCL. The program page has also been overhauled to provide a far better description of the various demonstration programs, which have also been rewritten and updated. 8 th March 2013 Added program to the site. This program enables the user to convert a selection of single-line text objects into separate text objects for every word in the selection, whilst retaining all properties of the original objects. Added program to my library of.

This program enables the user to construct an arc with arrowheads at each end point, aligned with the arc. Added function to the section of the site.

This function will return a string describing the drawing version of a supplied drawing file, if possible. 5 th March 2013 I have added the functions Matrix Inverse (gile / Lee Mac) & Identity Matrix to the section of my page. The Matrix Inverse function uses the technique of to calculate the inverse of a given nxn matrix. The original version of this function was written by the talented gile (Gilles Chanteau), which I have modified for increased performance & concision. The included Identity Matrix function will return an nxn with dimension given by the supplied integer parameter. Updated my utility function to Version 1.1 to improve the function structure & readability. 4 th March 2013 My program has been mostly rewritten and updated to Version 1.5 to incorporate a new & improved function to calculate the rectangular bounding box of a block, resulting in accurate results when applied to Dynamic Block references; and furthermore to fix a bug wherein the program would attempt to break Multiline objects.

Other minor changes have also been implemented to improve and streamline the program. I have also updated the program page, rewriting the description to describe each available command in greater detail and to include several new animations to better demonstrate the program capabilities. Updated my tutorial to reformat the examples and fix a reported broken link. 10 th February 2013 Following recent development of my function, I have added a new program to the section of the site. The program allows the user to construct an outline silhouette of an LWPolyline with straight and/or arc segments with varying or constant width. Added function to the section of the site. This function will return the parameters of the unique ellipse passing through five supplied points, if such an ellipse exists.

The method used to determine these parameters is described on the function page linked above. Added Matrix Determinant (by ElpanovEvgeniy) & Matrix Trace functions to the section of my page; as the names indicate, these functions will respectively calculate the determinant and trace of a given nxn matrix. 6 th February 2013 Updated program to Version 1.1 to alter the command syntax for the program to bmask, since mask is an existing command in AutoCAD Civil 3D. The update also implements several other minor improvements to the code. 2 nd February 2013 Added program to the site. This program will allow the user to convert a selection of circular Ellipses & Elliptical Arcs (that is, Ellipses or Elliptical Arcs with axes of equal length) into Circles & Arcs respectively, whilst retaining all properties of the original objects.

I have also updated my program to Version 1.1. This updated version includes an additional command, c2wipe, which enables the user to convert a selection of circles to circular wipeouts. 1 st February 2013 I have updated the section of the site to include an appreciative & commendatory testimonial kindly written by Henry Blake, owner of - Many thanks Henry!

29 th January 2013 Added program to the site. As the name implies, this program enables the user to create a circular wipeout with a given center & radius in the drawing.

28 th January 2013 I have updated my set of to rewrite & improve many of the existing functions and moreover to include iterative versions of every function listed. I have also added a table of contents to facilitate navigation of the page. It's a bit late in the month, but I wish all of my readers best wishes for 2013! 24 th December 2012 To keep with the festive theme of this time of year, I have published an article exploring the curious & intriguing geometrical properties of the. This program may be found under the section of the site. I have also updated my study of various chaotic to include a table of contents, clearer systems of equations for each attractor, greatly improved & more readable code, and finally, a derivation for the. Finally, I wish all of my readers a very Merry Christmas!

18 th December 2012 Added program to the site. This program prompts the user to select an object and generates a 'chain selection' of all objects sharing endpoints with objects in the accumulative selection.

Xyplorer Scripts For Sale. Included program in the section of the site. As the name implies, this program allows the user to add a new vertex to an LWPolyline object. 14 th December 2012 Updated program to Version 1.3 to enable the user to align the selection of objects to a nested curve within a Standard or Dynamic Block or XRef, nested to any level. 11 th December 2012 My program has now been completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.2 to enable the program to perform successfully in all UCS & Views. The alignment controls offered by the program have also been refined, with the additional option to allow the user to rotate the set of objects relative to the selected curve. I have also updated the section of the site to include a very complimentary testimonial kindly written by Joey Smith from - Many thanks Joey! 6 th November 2012 Added functions LM:Reflect & LM:InsideTriangle-p to my set of.

The former will reflect a given point in the axis defined by two supplied points in the plane; the latter is a predicate function which will return T if a given point lies within a triangle defined by three supplied points. In addition to the inclusion of these supplementary functions, I have also organised the library of into appropriate sub-categories for ease of navigation. 31 st October 2012 As a treat for Halloween, I have added a new novelty program to the site. Is a relatively simple novelty program generating a sequence of random numbers in the form of lottery balls in the drawing.

21 st October 2012 I have updated my library of; this set of functions provides the ability to retrieve points of intersection between either two objects, all objects within a Selection Set or list, or between objects of two Selection Sets or lists. The functions have been completely rewritten to improve readability, concision & performance, and the entire function page has been overhauled to provide detailed information about every function, including animated demonstrations and diagrams. 16 th October 2012 I have updated my page to incorporate a set of, pertaining to the arithmetic manipulation of complex numbers; and, which may be used to calculate the factorial of a positive integer, in addition to the multiplication and division of two factorials. I have also renamed several of the present on the page to improve consistency. Various have also been updated to reflect the renamed function names and earlier modifications to the function. Updated function to account for the case in which the coordinate scale factor is zero, and hence eliminating a potential divide-by-zero error.

I have updated the section of the site to include a testimonial kindly received from John Hailey at CBI/Matrix Engineering - thanks John! 12 th October 2012 Added set of to the site. These functions involve the generation and manipulation of pseudo-random numbers using a linear congruential generator.

Updated function to Version 1.1 to revise the code formatting and improve the readability of the function. 8 th October 2012 I am pleased to list Paul Munford's blog as an affiliate site of. Paul's blog is packed with useful information on AutoCAD and Inventor, including a cornucopia of tips, tricks and tutorials exuding Paul's evident enthusiasm for everything CAD related.

I also encourage followers of my site to vote for my link as your favourite CAD site on his links page. 5 th October 2012 Added program to the site. This program enables the user to construct a regular polygon projected in the active isometric plane. 19 th September 2012 I have updated my program to Version 1.5. The new version of the code revises the CSV file parser function to account for the use of alternative cell delimiter characters (such as a semi-colon) used by some systems. 18 th September 2012 Updated program to Version 1.8. This revision fixes a minor bug present in the recently released Version 1.7 wherein the program would error if all items in a selected collection were deselected by the user using the Ctrl key, and then the Import button is pressed.

Furthermore, in this updated version, the active drawing will only be regenerated (following program completion) if one or more items have been imported by the program. 16 th September 2012 Version 1.7 released. After evaluating the excellent feedback submitted by numerous users for this program, and having reviewed the many suggestions for improvement that were submitted since the program was first released to the public, I have invested some time implementing many of the proposed ideas and have injected a few additional features of my own into this new release of my program. This release also improves the general performance of the program, with much of the original source code rewritten and restructured, furthermore, some previously undetected bugs have now been ironed out to provide a more stable and reliable program. A number of the more significant changes and new features are detailed below. • The Steal file selection dialog will now remember the directory of the last selected drawing between drawing sessions so that the user will spend less time navigating a project folder structure when selecting a drawing to steal from.

• Groups, Drawing Properties and Custom Properties have all been added to the list of collections from which the user can steal items. The inclusion of Drawing Properties was a popular request for the last program, so this new addition should hopefully benefit a large proportion of users. • A Refresh button has now been incorporated into the dialog to enable the user to refresh the drawing data after importing items with object dependencies (for example, importing blocks or groups will also import dependent layers, linetypes, nested blocks etc.). • The Search button has been exchanged for an appropriate bitmap icon and I have replaced the multiple alert dialogs with a rather more subtle dialog error tile for a more streamlined user experience. • Two new commands have been added to the program: StealLast allows the user to immediately steal from the last selected drawing (if available); and StealTemplates enables the user to steal items from a specific template file, selected from a list of template files found in the template drawing path. • Several other general improvements and bug fixes have also been implemented and are detailed in the program code header. 9 th August 2012 Added program to the section of the site.

This program provides the user with detailed information about every segment of a selected LWPolyline in the form of an AutoCAD Table (if available), Text file, or CSV file. 2 nd August 2012 Updated my program to Version 1.4.

This version implements a refined file and folder sorting function to emulate the Windows Explorer filename sort when selecting drawings to be processed by the program. The updated program also increases the character limits of the edit_box tiles in the dialog to allow for the use of long Field Expressions in attribute values. Other general bug fixes are noted in the program code header. 27 th July 2012 Added HTML versions of many of the programs available for download on the site, allowing the user to view the program source code directly in the web browser, with the choice of three syntax-highlighting themes. Take a look at the various programs under the section of the site, and click on the 'View HTML Version' link try this new feature of the site. 21 st July 2012 Added program to the site. This program enables the user to quickly remove all traces of multiple blocks from a drawing.

20 th July 2012 Updated function to standardise code formatting and rewrite several expressions to improve clarity and readability. 18 th July 2012 Updated, & functions to restructure and standardise code formatting and improve readability. 17 th July 2012 I have once again updated my to Version 1.4 to implement another fix for an issue relating to counting Standard Blocks nested within Dynamic Blocks which are using different Visibility States. This issue should now (hopefully) be fully resolved.

12 th July 2012 I have restructured and rewritten several sections of my tutorial to provide clearer explanations and cleaner code samples. 11 th July 2012 I have updated my program to Version 1.3.

This update provides a fix for an issue arising when counting Standard Blocks nested within Dynamic Blocks which are using different Visibility States. The new version also offers the ability to extract the block report to either a Text or CSV file. 3 rd July 2012 Added function to enable a user to write a list of cell values to a CSV file. An example program is also included on the program page, demonstrating the ease of constructing a program to extract point data to a CSV file by utilising the LM:WriteCSV function.

Updated my function to restructure the code for better readability and performance, provide support for international systems which do not necessarily use a comma as a CSV delimiter character, and improve the cell parsing function to return more accurate results for cells containing commas and quotes. Minor updates to my to update the code formatting, shorten and improve the test functions and re-order the returned values for my Arc->Bulge function to reflect the order in which the values are used when constructing an LWPolyline. 23 rd June 2012 Updated set of to Version 1.1. This update is a complete overhaul of the code for both the draw order functions and example custom draw order programs found on the program page. The functions now provide support for 64-bit systems, and the example programs will now process objects on locked layers. 18 th June 2012 Version 3.3 released.

After much planning, experimentation, redesign and deliberation of ideas for new features, I have finally released the new version of by far my largest, most popular and also most extensively developed program: I present Version 3.3 of my. This release includes more changes and is packed with more new features than any other release since the program was first drafted. The has also been predominantly rewritten to document all of the new program functionality. A number of the more significant changes and new features are detailed below. • I have added the ability to increment multiple sections of the incrementing string: the previous radio button controls which were used to allow the user to decide which section of the string is to be incremented have now been replaced with toggle controls to enable the user to increment any or all sections of the string, alphabetically or numerically simultaneously.

• I have added the ability to create an array of incrementing Text, MText or Block objects, with the selected object aligned or perpendicular to the array, or with rotation set to an entered arbitrary angle, or an angle picked from the drawing. This is probably the most significant addition to the program operation, providing an additional method for the user to generate the incrementing text in a drawing, with all of the existing formatting options applied.

This new functionality is described in more detail on the program page under the section, which also includes several animated examples to demonstrate. • Included a set of controls within the Formatting section of the dialog to give the user the ability to control MText Background Mask offset factor and colour. The controls are very similar to my existing program, so frequent users of my programs will already be familiar with how to operate this section. • Added the ability to specify the block scale as an arbitrary value, a value picked from the drawing, or based on the value of a selected System Variable. In previous versions of the program, a block would always be inserted at 1:1 scale, offering no option to change this scale. This new version not only allows the user to enter or pick any scale value, but the scale can also be directly dependent upon the current settings of a selected System Variable. • Provided the user the option to pick the Text Height value from the drawing.

This change is to conform with the other edit box input sections of the dialog which require a numerical value, allowing the user to pick a value from the drawing itself. • Text & MText Border Offset is now a factor of text height where an offset factor of 1.0 exactly fits the Text or MText object, a factor of 1.5 extends the border by 0.5 times the text height etc.

This emulates the behaviour of the newly implemented MText Background Mask, and enables the user to easily create a rectangular border around the background mask by specifying the same offset factor for both. This to me seemed more intuitive.

• Added the ability to increment the string during placement by pressing the I / i key. This change followed from the 'toggle counter' control ( T / t), and allows the user to increment the string independently.

• As a rather more aesthetic change: I have redesigned 'About' dialog to include appropriate bitmap images and a stylized program title. Following with the aesthetic theme, I have also redesigned all object selection and pick buttons to conform with standard AutoCAD dialog interfaces to make users feel more 'at home' with the program. • Finally, where general bug maintenance is concerned: I have fixed a bug causing program to crash if the Object type is set to 'Text' and Text Alignment is set to 'Left', then the Object type is switched to 'MText'. • I have also fixed a bug in which the program would check for possible incorrect border parameters when the Object type is set to 'Block' (in which no border may be used). 16 th June 2012 Added function to the section of the site. This fairly simple wrapper for the rtos function will always return the result of evaluating the rtos function with the DIMZIN System Variable set to 0, thus eradicating any incongruency when using this function in different drafting environments.

14 th June 2012 Added Version 1.1 of my program to the site. This program is a stripped down, faster & improved version of my previously published program; the program has been streamlined to allow the user to create MText 'labels' dynamically aligned to a selected primary or nested object, with additional placement controls available at the command-line. 10 th June 2012 Modified the following programs to both update code formatting and improve the flow & readability of the code: • Updated program to Version 1.2. • Updated program to Version 1.1. • Updated program to Version 1.1. 18 th May 2012 Added program to the section of the site. This program will allow the user to convert a nested block into a primary block inserted at the same position for each reference of the nested block, with the same scale, rotation, orientation and all other properties possessed by the original nested block.

5 th May 2012 My has now been upgraded to Version 1.3. This update implements several new features in addition to remedying a couple of minor bugs present in the previous versions. A brief summary of the notable improvements have been included below: • The attribute modification module has been completely rewritten to utilise Visual LISP methods, enabling processing of Multiline Attributes and also permitting the use of Field Expressions in attribute values. • I have added the ability to use incrementing attribute values in attribute data. If an attribute value contains markers surrounding numerical data, the numerical section between these markers will be incremented by one for each drawing processed by the program. More information about this feature is detailed in the, under the section entitled:.

29 th April 2012 Updated my program to Version 1.6. Amongst other general updates to the program code, this version fixes a bug causing the program to crash for versions in which some collections are not available. 24 th April 2012 Updated to Version 1.1. In this version, the majority of the program has been rewritten to streamline the code. The previous Command Reactor toggle has been removed in lieu of two separate commands to switch the program on & off; this alteration follows reports by users that the previous version would toggle on then promptly off when loaded through the Startup Suite. 20 th April 2012 Updated program to Version 1.1.

This version implements a fix for a reported bug which was causing the program to crash when used in 64-bit environments. 16 th April 2012 Added program to the site. This program allows the user to manipulate all properties of the background mask for a selection of Multiline Text (MText) and Multileader (MLeader) objects. 14 th March 2012 program completely rewritten to incorporate better support for 64-bit systems and also improve code readability. GIF demonstration added to the program description page. 5 th March 2012 I have updated my program to Version 1.2.

This update hopefully implements a fix for the scripting bug present in previous versions of the program, and also offers the user the ability to select multiple attributed blocks from the active drawing whose attribute values may be added to the list of items to be modified. This should no doubt greatly reduce the tediousness of manually inputting the attribute information. 2 nd March 2012 Updated program to Version 3.2.

This update fixes a number of bugs, the most prominent pertaining to the collection of attributed block data. 26 th February 2012 Rewritten the code for program to make it consistent with many of my more recent programs and furthermore to improve code readability. 22 nd February 2012 I have completely rewritten my program and have updated the program to Version 1.4. This new version has cleaner code and includes several performance enhancements which should allow the program to run smoother. 18 th February 2012 Added program to the section of the program page. This program will read a selected DCL file and create a formatted version of the DCL code in the same directory as the selected file. 10 th February 2012 Updated to Version 1.1.

This update fixes some scripting issues reported in the last version and splits the main dialog into two separate screens to account for those users without access to a widescreen resolution. More information about the update can be found in the program code header. 8 th February 2012 function completely rewritten. I have also extensively updated the and have included several demonstrating how to use the program. 30 th January 2012 In June of 2009 I put together the first version of my program, offering the user the ability to extract attribute data from multiple blocks in many drawings, and edit several attributes in a block across multiple drawings.

This program used ObjectDBX to process many drawings very quickly, but this approach also included drawbacks stemming from the underdevelopment of the ObjectDBX interface, which, to this day, still has bugs. Furthermore, the Editor part of the program only offered the ability to modify attributes in a single block. Almost three years later, I am now offering a new program. This program allows the user to modify the values of multiple attributes residing within multiple attributed blocks across multiple drawings.

A full description of this new and improved program may be found on the dedicated program. 20 th January 2012 Added function to the. This function will escape wildcard characters found in a supplied string, ensuring such characters are interpreted literally. Updated the section of the site to include a very kind testimonial from Clint Hill at Many thanks Clint! 19 th January 2012 Added program to the site. This program will automatically (and silently) record daily LISP command usage in every drawing to a CSV Log File, saved to a folder specified in the program source code. 17 th January 2012 Added program to the list of.

This program will generate a report detailing the individual quantities of primary and nested blocks, dynamic blocks & XRefs in a selection or an entire drawing. 16 th January 2012 Updated function to return the correct content of CSV cells containing commas and quotes, and to correctly read CSV files generated using OpenOffice software. Previously, when reading a CSV file with the following content: The old ReadCSV function would incorrectly return the list. (( 'abc' 'a,b,c' ' 'abc ' ' 'a,b,c ' )) As a result of the updated function noted above, I have subsequently updated my program to Version 1.4 to allow for CSV files containing commas and quotes.

12 th January 2012 I found a few minor bugs in the code for my recently added function pertaining to the behaviour of mode_tile statements for the Add Files and Remove Files buttons. These have now been fixed and the code has been updated to Version 1.1.

11 th January 2012 Added function to the. This function is analogous to the AutoLISP getfiled function, however allows the user to select multiple files from several directories. 9 th January 2012 First post of 2012: a Happy New Year to my readers! Added function to the. This function will read an Excel Comma Separated Value (CSV) file and return a matrix list of the cell values, that is, a list of lists where each sublist is a row of cell values. 30 th December 2011 The code for my function has been completely rewritten; the new version should be more robust with far more error trapping.

The Unformat String function will remove all MText formatting codes from a supplied string. 29 th December 2011 Updated function code and included an extra example demonstrating how the function may be used to open an arbitrary file selected by the user. Reformatted the code for the function and included a 'Vector Calculus' version of the same function to demonstrate another approach. 27 th December 2011 Revised the program to Version 1.3. This version implements a modification to allow the program to correctly process CSV files generated using OpenOffice software.

24 th December 2011 Updated the mathematical program to Version 1.2. This is a complete rewrite of the program, including an update to the Barnsley's Fern program on the main page. 23 rd December 2011 Updated code to remove unnecessary expressions and hence improve performance. 21 st December 2011 Updated the page and added a Contents section to ease navigation of the various functions. 17 th December 2011 Added function to the. This function will return the centroid (expressed relative to WCS) of an LWPolyline Polygon, that is, a non-self-intersecting closed LWPolyline consisting entirely of straight segments.

Also added PolyCentroid function to my set of. Updated page to reformat all code and include new function: SetAttributeValues. Added a Contents section to the page. 7 th December 2011 Added function to the. This function will iterate over the block table and return a list of the names of all anonymous references associated with a supplied block name; armed with such a list, an appropriate ssget filter list may be constructed to include only those references which are relevant to a specific dynamic block. 2 nd December 2011 Added to the. These functions return the data required to construct a Circle or Arc from three supplied points.

A variety of non-dynamic and dynamic test programs are also included. Added mid, 3PCircle & 3PArc to my set of. Added v1 function to my set of. This function will return a unit vector representation of a supplied vector. 27 th November 2011 Updated program to Version 1.1. This version incorporates code to search the working directory and AutoCAD support directories for the XRef source file, should such file not be found at the filepath encoded in the XRef.

24 th November 2011 Tweaked the style of the page. 19 th November 2011 Added program to the section of the site. This program enables the user to reset all or specific layer properties of XRef dependent layers to match the properties present in the XRef source drawing file.

16 th November 2011 Added program to the section of the site. This program offers two commands to allow the user to make a selection of one or more objects, then proceed to construct the unique minimum enclosing circle containing all objects in the selection. A minor update to the function to include Point Entities. 11 th November 2011 Added function to the.

This function will compute the centre & radius of the smallest circle containing a set of points. 9 th November 2011 Added function to the. This function will return a list of points describing or approximating a supplied entity, whilst minimising the length of the returned point list where possible. 6 th November 2011 Added program to the site. This function is designed to enable the user to quickly and easily design & create custom programs for inserting multiple fields into a drawing. This could be for use in situations in which the user is required to create many fields in a drawing, with each field referencing the same object property, and continued use of the Field Command Dialog can become tedious. 5 th November 2011 Added function to the.

This function requires a single parameter: an entity containing a Field, and will return a list of entities referenced by the supplied Field. 3 rd November 2011 Added Friends of Lee Mac Programming to the homepage sidebar. If you wish to become a friend of Lee Mac Programming and feel that your site has suitable content which is relevant to my site, feel free to. Whether or not your site is suitable to become an affiliate of Lee Mac Programming feel free to display on your site, I appreciate you linking to my site. 1 st November 2011 Added to the a function to compute the of a set of points.

The Convex Hull is the set of points describing the minimum convex polygon enclosing all points in a given set. The function shown implements the Graham Scan algorithm to compute the Convex Hull - a description of this algorithm including a visual demonstration of the process is included on the program page. In other news. Is a year old! 30 th October 2011 Updated program to Version 1.9.

This update fixes a bug causing the program to crash when Region Objects were selected. 29 th October 2011 Tweaked the code for the utility.

The program has now been renamed and more accreditation has been included to recognise the author of the program on which the utility is based. Redesigned the site. 24 th October 2011 Added section to the page. This section includes a few paragraphs from companies who have hired my services, detailing their experiences working with me and my programs. If you or your company wish to share your thoughts about my site, or working with me or my programs in the form of a testimonial, feel free to. 23 rd October 2011 Added program to the site.

This program will prompt the user for a number of rows and columns then proceed to dynamically construct a grid composed of Line Entities between two corner points. 20 th October 2011 Added program to the site. This program uses multiple reactors to automatically label / number a specific attribute in a set of blocks, automatically renumbering if blocks are added, copied or erased.

11 th October 2011 Updated to Version 3.1. This fixes a bug concerning a null variable when an Annotative Text Style is set and the Object type is set to use an Attributed Block.

10 th October 2011 Version 3.0 released. The program is now faster & smoother and has become my largest and most developed application, with many new features and updates included in the new version, a handful of which I have listed below. I have also completely rewritten the to give a more complete overview of the program capabilities.

• Program completely rewritten to improve program performance, update code formatting to improve readability and include the following new features: • Ability to use Text, MText or an arbitrary Attributed Block to house incrementing string. • Ability to change Text / MText Alignment. • Ability to toggle the use of a Background Mask with MText. • Ability to specify and pick both dimensions for the fixed size Slot / Rectangular border.

• Vastly improved alphabetical text incrementing. • Improved handling of negative numbers with decimals or leading zeros. • Dialog interface completely redesigned to make it more user-friendly and intuitive to navigate.

• Immensely improved non-dynamic mode interface & functionality. • Program works in all UCS/Views correctly. 7 th October 2011 Version 3.0 of my program. Following the popularity of this program on my site, I am currently working on a new version which promises to be smoother, faster and packed with new features. Click to read about some of the planned new features and see a preview of the new interface. 3 rd October 2011 Added set of to the.

These functions demonstrate how to convert a text string to various text cases and formats. Included are functions to enable conversion of a text string to,, or finally, the case of each character in a string may be switched using the function. 2 nd October 2011 program completely rewritten and updated to Version 1.1. When rewriting this program I have significantly condensed the code, reformatted the code style to make the source code more readable and easier to follow, and hopefully improved the performance of the program. 30 th September 2011 Updated program to Version 1.4. Included in this version is an option to enable or disable the automatic rotation of the block if a curve object is found at the block insertion point.

Added set of to the. These functions may be used to increment the associated value of a key in an association list, or a nested key as part of a hierarchy of keys in a nested association list. Such functions are useful when counting the number of occurrences of distinct items in a set, or when counting items which are dependent upon other items.

These functions are used in many of my programs:,, & to name a few. Updated program to Version 1.4. This version fixes a bug when arraying and incrementing attributes on locked layers. 28 th September 2011 Added Clockwise-p and ListClockwise-p to my set of. These functions may be utilised to determine whether 3 or more points are clockwise oriented, that is, whether a path passing through the points follows a clockwise direction. 24 th September 2011 Implemented a facility to allow users to change the width of pages on the site, depending on their preference. Users may select a Fluid, Wide, Medium or Narrow width setting.

The default width is Fluid in which the width of the page is set by the width of the browser. Other settings may be more suitable for various screen resolutions. 21 st September 2011 Added function to the subfunction library. This function returns a string of a minimum specified length which is the concatenation of two supplied strings, padded between using a supplied character. Such a function is extremely useful when printing reports or lists to the command-line, and is used extensively in my program. 20 th September 2011 Implemented a facility to allow users to alter the size of text on my site, increasing readability.

Added section to the, for those companies looking to automate repetitive tasks in their procedures via the use of custom programming, potentially saving hours of valuable time. 11 th September 2011 Added program to the site. Very similar to my program, this program will count all blocks in the current layout of a drawing - be they standard, dynamic, or XRef; generating a report of the quantities at the command-line.

Furthermore, for every dynamic block with a Visibility Parameter present, the number of blocks assuming every Visibility State of the dynamic block is detailed in the output report. 10 th September 2011 Added,, & functions my set of. These functions allow the user to manipulate the Visibility Parameter of a Dynamic Block. Updated function and test program to make the code more succinct and increase function performance. 7 th September 2011 Updated program to Version 1.5. This version implements a number of changes to improve the program: • Added the ability to use Wildcard Patterns in the ItemList parameter to allow all items in a collection which match the supplied wildcard pattern to be imported. • Added Materials and Named Viewports to the list of collections.

• Added StealAll command to allow the user to automatically steal everything from a selected drawing file. • Added StealTemplate command to enable the user to quickly steal items from the QNew template file (or other template file, if the QNew template file is not set). 5 th September 2011 Updated program to Version 1.1. This version includes a fix for a minor bug relating to incorrect processing of the ending width of the final polyline segment. 3 rd September 2011 Added program to the site.

This program will create one or more LWPolylines along the boundary of a supplied LWPolyline with varying or constant width. 28 th August 2011 Upgraded program to Version 1.2.

This version removes case-sensitivity from the 'Drawing Filename' column of the CSV Drawing Register so that both the drawing filename data (first column) and layout data (optional, second column) are not case-sensitive. I have furthermore added a GIF animation providing a succinct demonstration of how the program may be used to link a set of drawings to a drawing register. 25 th August 2011 Updated program to Version 1.3. This version allows the user to copy and rename External References (XRefs) in addition to Standard and Dynamic Blocks; retaining any XClips associated with the selected block. 24 th August 2011 Added program to the site.

This program will array a selection of objects, whilst incrementing any numerical content found in objects containing text within the selection. 19 th August 2011 Added program to the site.

This relatively simple program allows the user to continuously place elevation markers composed of an LWPolyline and Text object at specific points in a drawing. 14 th August 2011 Added function to the subfunction library. This function uses a brute-force method to determine the minimum rectangular bounding box framing all objects in a supplied selection set. 6 th August 2011 Added Visual LISP IDE tutorial: to help relieve the tedium of localising many variables in larger programs, reducing the task to a simple copy & paste operation. 5 th August 2011 Updated to Version 1.1. This program will count the number of occurrences of distinct text strings in a selection of objects. In addition to reformatting the code for this program, this updated version includes the ability to count MLeader text and Dimensions with a text override.

Annotative text styles have also been taken into consideration when determining the size of the resultant table object. 3 rd August 2011 Added to the page. This page provides a brief guide detailing the possible causes of a selection of common error messages received when executing an AutoLISP program.

Updated my program to Version 1.3. This update implements a complete change to the method used to detect intersections between the inserted block and surrounding objects, improving program performance. The new version of the program will now exclude attributes from the trimming operation, and will trim objects surrounding blocks whose insertion points do not lie on a curve object (in previous versions such objects were not trimmed). Finally, a new command: 'ABBS' ( AutoBlockBreakSelection) has been added to allow users to make a selection of multiple blocks to be processed by the AutoBlockBreak subfunction.

27 th July 2011 Added subfunction to the site. This very simple function utilises a predefined AutoCAD dialog definition to display an interface allowing the user to input a text string.

22 nd July 2011 It has been almost a year since I have worked on my program, and considering its apparent popularity amongst the other programs on my site, I felt it was about time that I updated it. The majority of the program code has hence been rewritten and reformatted in line with my other more recent programs, and the following enhancements have been incorporated: • Added ' Where to Search' panel to the Options dialog to enable users to restrict the Find & Replace operation to Model space, Layout space or both. • Added ability to perform the Find and Replace operation on objects within Block Definitions. • Added ability to process All Open Drawings. • Changed format of Saved Searches file for easier manual editing.

• Added Current Directory toggle to directory selection panel to allow the user to quickly select the current working directory of drawings for processing. • Fixed tab stops in main dialog so that the user may navigate between the Find and Replace edit boxes more intuitively. • Incorporated ability to add items to the Find & Replace list by pressing Enter from within either edit box. • Added ability to press Enter after specifying Save Reference to avoid the need to click the OK button.

• Added ability to press Enter from within either edit box of the Edit Entry dialog, to avoid the need to click the OK button. • General bug fixes and function improvements. 15 th July 2011 Added function to the site.

This subfunction will break a supplied string at spaces (if possible) into a list of substrings, each of a specified length or less. 9 th July 2011 Added set of to the subfunction library. These functions demonstrate various methods to convert between the quantities used to define a Polyline Arc segment and those used to define an Arc Entity, with diagrammatic explanations of the calculations used in each method. 8 th July 2011 Updated tutorial to fix a few typos. 2 nd July 2011 Added set of to the subfunction library. These functions may be used to manipulate the order of multiple items in a DCL List Box, as demonstrated by my program and program.

1 st July 2011 Added program to the site. This program is designed to emulate the behaviour of the standard AutoCAD Measure command, however, the resultant measured intervals are centered on the selected object, as opposed to extending along the object from one end. 28 th June 2011 Added function to the subfunction library. This subfunction is the list equivalent of the AutoLISP substr function, and will return the sublist of a supplied list from a specified starting index and with a specified length. Added List Collinear-p, Coplanar-p and List Coplanar-p predicate functions to set of. These functions offer the ability to test the collinearity of a list of points, or the coplanarity of four or more points. 27 th June 2011 Added Collinear-p and Perpendicular-p functions to set of.

These predicate functions may be used to test the collinearity of three points, or the perpendicularity of two vectors. 23 rd June 2011 Updated program to Version 1.3. This version fixes a reported bug pertaining to the position of the selected block reference not being retained when nested in other blocks in the drawing. When called with 'CBIR', the program will now update the position of every reference of the selected block (nested to any level) in all block definitions. 20 th June 2011 Updated program to Version 1.2. This version allows the user to select specific layers for which to change the draw-order from a filterable list of non-XRef dependent layers, whilst retaining the inherent draw-order of entities on the other remaining layers in the drawing.

Furthermore, selected layers may be ordered above or below the other layers in the drawing. A Help button is also included to assist the user. 18 th June 2011 Updated program to Version 1.1. This version increases the height of the layer list to ease use in drawings with a large number of layers.

The updated program also offers the ability to add a wildcard pattern to the list of layers in order to group a set of layers matching the pattern. 16 th June 2011 Added program to the site. Similar to the Express Tools' CDOrder program, this program enables the user to control the draw order of all entities on each layer in a drawing, relative to other layers. 13 th June 2011 Added function to the site. This function will extract numbers represented in decimal format from a supplied string, returning a list of all numerical values found in the string. 12 th June 2011 Added both a Visual & Vanilla LISP version of an function to the site.

These subfunctions demonstrate methods to obtain the true name of a block reference as per its associated block definition in the block collection of the drawing in which it resides. Tweaked ArcSine and ArcCosine functions as part of the set of to make the code more readable. 11 th June 2011 Added function to the site. This function will return a list expressing the difference or relative complement of two or more lists, that is, a list of items appearing exclusively in one list but not the other(s). Added function to the site.

This subfunction will return a list expressing the symmetric difference of two or more lists, that is, a list of items appearing exclusively in each list and not in the intersection of any pair of lists. 10 th June 2011 Added and functions to the subfunction library section of the site. These functions will return a list expressing the union and intersection, respectively, of two or more supplied lists.

Added Line-Circle Intersection function to set of. This function will return the point(s) of intersection between a line and a circle. 9 th June 2011 Added iterative versions of,, and subfunctions to the site. 8 th June 2011 Added some extra functions to the page. This page contains various functions engineered for manipulating lists in which items appear more than once.

7 th June 2011 Added subfunction to the subfunction library of the programs page. This subfunction displays a dialog with a List Box interface enabling the user to select one or more items from the supplied data set. 5 th June 2011 Added program to the site.

This program will create an LWPolyline passing through the centre of selected Text or MText objects to create a strikethrough text effect. Updated set of to include functions to return the intersection points between objects in a list, two sets, or two lists. 4 th June 2011 Updated program to Version 1.2 following a received bug report. 3 rd June 2011 Added RGB->HSL and HSL->RGB conversion functions to set of. These functions will convert between Red, Green, & Blue colour values and Hue, Saturation & Luminance values for the two colour models. 2 nd June 2011 Renamed program to since the program now provides the ability to copy or just rename a single selected block reference. Updated program once more to Version 1.2.

I realised there was a much easier way to implement the transference of block properties from the source block to the copied block. This approach has consequently removed a lot of excess code from the previous version. 1 st June 2011 Completely rewrote my program, which has now been updated to Version 1.1. This program will allow the user to copy and rename a block (which may be dynamic) in the working drawing. The program uses an ObjectDBX Document as an intermediary in which the block definition can be copied and renamed without resulting in a duplicate key in the Block Collection of the working drawing. Added 'Preview' GIF animation to page demonstrating program usage on a dynamic block example. Updated the program to Version 1.2.

This program was written around the same time (if not earlier) as my recently updated program. Hence this update carries forward many of the changes applied to that program. Updated program to reflect changes to subfunction. Updated program to Version 1.1 to utilise upgraded subfunction and new subfunction.

31 st May 2011 Updated the program to Version 1.1. I first wrote the code for this program in June of last year and have now implemented knowledge I have since gained to remove some excess code from the program to hopefully streamline the process. The AddObjectstoBlock subfunction has also been rewritten to require a VLA Document Object parameter, enabling the developer to utilise the subfunction on blocks in arbitrary documents (i.e. Also through ObjectDBX). Updated the program to Version 1.1.

Once again, removing excess code to increase the performance of the program and to bring the coding style in line with my other programs. 30 th May 2011 Added subfunction to the site. This function uses the Popup method of the Windows Script Host Shell Object to display a customisable pop-up message box. 29 th May 2011 Added function to subfunction library. This recursive subfunction will return a list of all possible permutations of elements in a supplied list. Added function to subfunction library. This function will insert an item at the n th position in a list.

Added function to the site. This function will remove items at specified indexes from a list. 28 th May 2011 Added set of Geometric Functions to page. 27 th May 2011 Added 3D Reflection function (including test functions) to set of.

This function will reflect a target (VLA-Object or List of 3D Points) in an arbitrary plane. 26 th May 2011 Added 3D Rotation function (including test functions) to set of. This function will rotate a target (VLA-Object or List of 3D Points) by a given angle about an axis defined by two 3D points.

Renamed 'SubstN' program to to be consistent with similar program. 25 th May 2011 Added set of to demonstrate methods of converting a number between numeral systems using different bases or radixes. Updated subfunction to incorporate better error trapping and a more concise and structured code layout. Updated subfunction to remove excess code and hence improve performance and readability. Updated program to Version 1.1 to incorporate the updated and subfunctions and other upgraded subfunctions used by the program. Updated subfunctions enabling the user to to make the code more concise and readable.

Added subfunction to the site, a function which enables the developer to remove the first occurrence of an item from a list. Added subfunction to the site. This subfunction will evaluate a supplied function on all objects in a block definition and return a list of the return of each function evaluation.

24 th May 2011 Tweaked site formatting to make table text on program pages more readable. 19 th May 2011 Added program to the site.

This program offers the ability to automatically update drawing titleblock attributes with values sourced from a CSV drawing register. When a drawing is opened, a CSV Drawing Register may be automatically read by the program, and titleblock attributes are updated using values corresponding to the drawing entry in the register.

18 th May 2011 Updated subfunction to apply the optional predicate function to the entity selection list returned by the selection function, and also return this entity selection list; this provides the developer with the ability to use other elements in the selection list to validate the predicate function in addition to the selected entity name. An optional keyword argument (in the form of a list of parameters to be supplied to the initget function) is also included.

Added a selection of subfunctions to determine whether three points are oriented clockwise; complete with brief explanations of the mathematical methods utilised by each function. Added 'Jump To' quick navigation bar to sidepanel of site so that visitors can find what they need faster. 17 th May 2011 Updated program to Version 2.2. This program was written back in late 2009 and so I figured it needed a little updating.

In the end, I decided to rewrite the entire program. I haven't added any new functionality, but the program should be more robust and run smoother than the previous version, with a few bugs squashed in the process. The Find and Replace engine has been completely overhauled, now permitting the user to use self-referencing find and replace terms (for example, replacing 'ABC' with 'AB'), and the visual feedback during the find and replace process has been improved significantly. With the vast number of changes to the program, I expect there are still a few bugs lurking, but in my preliminary tests, I haven't found anything as yet. 15 th May 2011 Added program to the site - a purely academic piece of code demonstrating the ability to prevent modification of a set of objects using reactors. 14 th May 2011 Added program to the site.

This reactor based program enables the user to create associative circle centerlines which will automatically update following modification of the associated circle. Updated the set of to remove case-sensitivity from the attribute tag argument and also add a couple of recursive variations to the Vanilla subfunctions. Updated the set of to remove case-sensitivity from the dynamic block property argument.

Fixed a bug found in the program (updated to Version 1.8). 12 th May 2011 Added program to the site. This versatile program enables the user to annotate picked areas or selected objects with custom labels and either display the labels and associated areas in an AutoCAD Table Object, or write the data to file. Added program to the site. This program allows the user to import (humourously: 'steal') items from another drawing into the current drawing.

The user can choose to import multiple items from a list of Blocks, Layers, Linetypes, Dimension Styles, Text Styles, Table Styles, MLeader Styles, MLine Styles, Layouts, Page Setups, User Coordinate Systems, Views, Layer States & Scales. 8 th May 2011 Updated the subfunction and associated test function. 7 th May 2011 Added program to allow the user to dynamically. The user is prompted to make a selection of objects to align to a selected curve, and a base point to use during alignment. The objects are then dynamically aligned to the curve in real-time, whilst the user may refine the alignment using additional controls offered at the command-line.

Nestly, Thank you for the tip. I have downloaded the steel shape autolisp and did everything per the help.txt, but I can not start the program. Current version - AutoCad 2011 - added the file path to the source files - loaded the application via tools/load application and get the following message 'Al's STEEL MILL Loaded. Type STL to use.' - when type STL nothing happens. I don't have any experience with autolisp routines, so I was wondering if you can help me out with the program. Thank you in advance.

CAD tip # 5889: Question CAD% platform category If you want to scale an object, or a group of objects, or the whole DWG drawing with different (independent) values of X-, Y- and Z-scales, you can use blocks. Non-uniform scaling (resizing) can be done by enclosing the scaled entities into a block and then reinserting this block in a non-uniform scale (X/Y/Z). Use the command to make a block from the entities you want to resize.

Then use to bring these objects back. You can enter different scale factors when specifiying X, Y and Z scales for the block insertion (reference). You can also use a combination of the and commands and change the X-Y-Z scales of the pasted block in the Properties palette (Ctrl+1). In any case, use the inserted non-uniform block back into the individual entities. You can automate the non-uniform scaling process with the free ScaleXYZ Lisp utility available on. It contains the commands ScaleX, ScaleY, ScaleZ to scale entities in the individual directions. ACAD LT ADT * CAD 5.12.2007 68572× FAQ.